Gift Ideas For Him By Faria Borshon - 1291 Words

Fashion: Gift Ideas for him By Faria Borshon Finding that special something for the guys in your life can be quite a challenge. No matter who is it your father, your brother or your husband ya boyfriend. Gift always reflects the personality and affection of the person who is giving for the person whom owe it. Gifts also depend on the occasion also. Sometimes it can be just to show some care. It doesn’t need to be so expensive it needs to be something which will give the unique feel of love and care to whom you are giving. So it can be from home made simple card to designer watch. It’s up to your taste and budget and off course according to the choice of your dear ones. So let’s have some list what can be the gift types†¦.. Traditional Gift items: 1. Fragrances’: Without fragrance, everything seems to incomplete. Perfume is the always perfect and safest gift for any one of any age While buying the perfume remember that perfumes reflects the personality. So try to choose the perfume according to the mode or choice of the person whom you want to give. Body spray, body collogue, after-shave gets you ready for magnet action. It absolutely varies on yours mood and occasion and the choice of smell. You may choose the long lasting one from the brand Hugo Boss, Givenchy, Hermes or channel. For fragrances’ you may go to Perfume world or Super store. I prefer to buy from riffles square LULU shop. They have huge collection with original one in a reasonable price. 2. Cufflinks, tie

Essential Parts of Computer and How It Works Free Essays

Contents II. Introduction2 III. Computers2 A. We will write a custom essay sample on Essential Parts of Computer and How It Works or any similar topic only for you Order Now CPU2 B. Memory storage3 1. Primary storage3 2. Secondary storage4 C. Peripherals8 1. Ink-jets (bubble-jets) printers8 2. Laserjet printers9 IV. Connecting To Internet10 V. Conclusion12 VI. Reference List13 * Introduction Nowadays, running business in 20th century means that you got to be clever about technology. When companies are striving for higher achievements and more-efficient workability, innovation is what everyone craving for. That’s the spot where technology shoots. Computer is one essential breed of our modern technology. However, while the majority of people know how to use computer, they don’t know how the machine works; the technical stuff. It becomes a problem when the technical stuff got broken and almost everybody does not get a clue. To improve our business means that we need to improve our consciousness to computer itself. So, with this guide, I hope we can understand the system of our computer, not just by its advantages, but by its personality too. Enjoy a new relationship with your computer. Computers For this matter, these are some of essential parts from computer that support its function A. Central Processing Unit (CPU) B. Storage devices C. Peripherals CPU Central Processing Unit (CPU), or called as processor, is the central part of computer, which accepts and processes data into information and maintaining its system (Gilster, 2000). In comparison, a brain to human is the same for CPU to computer. It stabilizes and ensuring computer to run normal. Moursund (1978) says that CPU consists of two units: control unit and arithmetic/logic unit. The control unit gives instructions to the system for executing programs. The control unit doesn’t do the tasks, but just giving orders to other units to do its jobs. The arithmetic/logic unit execute arithmetic and mathematical equations in the system, like addition, subtraction, multiplication, and division. To work in a constant and stabile period of time, CPU uses a small quartz crystal called the clock system (Shelly, Cashman, Vermaat, 2008). The system clock produces electronic pulses, or ticks, that set the operating period to the components of the system unit. The clock system speed is measured by the number of ticks per second or Hertz unit. Hertz (Hz) is the measurement of speed in data processing. The faster the clock speed, the more instructions the processor can execute per second. For usage in our computer schools, there are two brand options, AMD Intel. AMD’s Athlon X2 Dual Core, and Intel’s Pentium D 925, both of them have 3 GHz clock speeds which are compatible for our student’s needs in computer. I recommend Intel’s for our school since it has lower price than AMD. AMD has lower heat though in its operation, but this problem can be maintained by putting a fine working fan to cool the processor. Memory storage Extra There are terms of measure we need to know that used in byte (B) and hertz (Hz). They are: 1 Kilo (KB/ KHz) = 1000 (B/Hz) 1 Mega (MB/MHz) = 1000 Kilo = 1,000,000 (B/Hz) Giga (GB/GHz) = 1,000,000 = 1,000,000,000 (B/Hz) 1 Tera (TB/THz) = 1000 Giga = 1,000,000 Mega = 1,000,000,000 Kilo = 1000,000,000,000 (B/Hz) (Shelly et al. , 2008) Memory storage is the place where computer store all data and information in the machine. To measure memory storage, we use Byte unit. Byte is the measurement of space, determines the quant ity of data that memory can save. There are two kinds of memory storage: primary storage secondary storage. Primary storage RAM Random Access Memory (RAM), is used to open up programs, images, or any details when the computer is on. Its function is to accelerate the speed of processing programs. When the computer is off, the memory loses its data too and will be restarting when the computer is on again. That’s why RAM also called as temporary memory (Stokes, 2008). ROM Read-Only Memory (ROM) is used to store essential programs for computer, such as system operation (Smith, 2011). Data in ROMs cannot be changed again or written, unless for some types of ROM like EPROM (erasable programme read-only memory) or using some technique like exposing ROM to sunlight. Cache Cache located between CPU and RAM. It is a high-speed memory that accelerates CPU to exchange information from RAM (Shelly, et al, 2008). Cache works in a frequently accessible files and programs in the computer so it can be processed in shorter time. For example, a secretary’s computer which used for typing a lot will have its word-processing program opened faster than the other staffs’ computer. Secondary storage * Stokes (2008) states that secondary storage is used for saving files and information in the matter of capacity. When programs are installed into the computer or files are inserted, secondary memory is the place where all the stuffs are put into. It gives information about how much computer can store data in its system. Files, programs, and other stuffs that put in secondary storage are saved permanently in the system. So, when the computer is off, the stuffs will stay at the same state and condition without having any lost parts. Picture 2. 1 Secondary storage works like cloth drawers for computers. As long as there is a space, it is fine to put more things. Image source: http://corriehaffly. wordpress. com There are various forms of secondary storage. Some attached in CPU and some is separated from computer. These are the kinds of it. Hard Disk Picture 2. 2 Physical appearance of a hard disk. Image source: http://www. pcguide. com A hard disk is a metal platter coated with magnetic oxide that can be magnetized to represent data (Shelly, et al, 2008). The large disk has top side and bottom side which used for recording and storing data in computer. To be used, hard disk must be attached in computer. Optical Disc Picture 2. 3 Physical appearance of optical disc. Image source: http://www. digitalmatrix. us An optical disc is a flat, round, portable, disc made of metal, plastic, and lacquer. These discs usually have 4. 75 inches in diameter and less than one-twentieth of an inch thick (Shelly, et al, 2008). Optical disc commonly used for storing music, pictures, or programs depend on its capacity. There are many types of optical discs. Some types can be used for reading and recording files in it, some can only be used for read. CD-ROM A CD-ROM (Compact Disc Read-Only Memory), is a type of optical disc that can only be used for read the files in it (Shelly, et al. , 2008). The disc’s content cannot be write-able or erase-able anymore. A typical CD-ROM has capacity from 650 MB to 1 GB of data, instructions, and information. To read a CD-ROM, you can use CD-ROM drive or CD-ROM player. Commonly, CD-ROM is used in licensed application, programs, music albums, or encyclopaedias so it cannot be pirated. CD-R and CD-RW A CD-R (Compact Disc Recordable) is a multisession optical disc which users can write, but cannot erase the items in it, like text, graphic, or audio. Multisession means you can write on part of the disc one time and another part at a later time (Shelly, et al. , 2008). Write in this term means to record files. A CD-R can only be written once and the content cannot be erased. To write and read a CD-R, you need a CD-R drive. DVD-ROM and DVD-R A DVD-ROM (Digital Versatile Disc Read-Only Memory or Digital Video Disc Read-Only Memory) is a high capacity optical disc on which users can read but not write or erase (Shelly, et al. , 2008). To read a DVD-ROM, you need DVD-ROM software. DVD-R has the same characteristic as CD-R, only with bigger capacity. DVDs usually has 4 GB capacity. Flash Memory Picture 2. 4 Physical appearance of flash memory. Image source: http://techcrunch. com Flash memory is a small, portable stick which implanted electrical chips that used to store files in computer (Shelly, et al. , 2008). Its size is none bigger than adult human thumb. It connects to a computer via an USB port. Its files can be read and written in multiple times. Flash memory has various capacities, from 256 MB until 32 GB are available in stores. Peripherals Peripherals are electronic devices that support computer functions to more useful and understandable (Gilster, 2000). Peripherals commonly consist of computer screen, speaker, printer, keyboard, and mouse. Each device is connected through port cables that inserted into CPU ports. In this handout, I would like to discuss the function of printer itself. Since it is a primary office need, so it is nice to know and be aware for this machine. Printer is an electronic device that used for printing images and texts in computer file, usually using papers as its medium (Gilster, 2000). There are many types of printers which available in the market and usually used for business and office work. Ink-jets (bubble-jets) printers Picture 3. 1 Bubble jet printer. Image source: http://www. inkjet-laser. com Ink-jet printer sprays ionized tiny inks on the paper. The printing pattern is organized by using magnetized plates in printer (Shelly et al. , 2008). It can produce high quality images that frequently used for photography. There are models that designed to black and white (B/W) colour printings too. Laserjet printers Picture 3. 2 Laser printer. Image source: http://www. hypercup. org Laser printers works by using lasers that melts powdered inks in cartridges, then the ink putted on a paper by desired pattern (Shelly et al. , 2008). Photocopy services usually use this type due to its fast process. Here are the comparisons of bubble jet printer and laser printers as shown below. Ink-jet Printer| Laserjet Printer| 1. Print by spraying inks into paper, which makes the ink is more liquid on paper. If the paper is touched or get heated, the ink can melt and smear the paper| 1. Print by heated powdered inks with laser. The ink is fast to dry. | 2. Printing process are quiet and does not cause any mechanical noise| 2. Printing process causes mechanical noise. | 3. Many models come in portable sizes, which are suitable for home and personal use that do not demand frequent printing. 3. There are portable sizes and large sizes. Portable size are suitable for home and personal use, while large sizes are suitable for office or business use that demands frequent printing. | 4. The quality of printing can be adjusted for faster printing process| 4. The quality of printing cannot be adjusted| Ink-jet Printer vs. Laser Jet Printer (Frost, 2010) Connecting To Internet To obtain much informatio n, internet is always helpful for providing sources anywhere and anytime. Connecting our computer to internet means that open the access of our computer through signals. To make it do so, computers are needed to be included in a network. Network is a group of computers and devices that connected together through communication devices and transmission media (Sosinsky, 2009). It is used in houses, cafes, libraries, or offices for many purposes, even for personal or business purposes. The ability of network allows people to communicate through each other (in verbal or in visual), sharing files, transfer money, etc. As Sosinsky (2009) states, network’s patterns are divided into two categories: client/server and peer-to-peer. 1. Client/server One computer works as a server, then the other computers or devices in network work as client. A server controls access to the hardware, software, and other resources in network. It makes a server the centre storage of programs, data, and information. The clients are other computers and devices that rely on a server for its resources. 2. Peer-to-peer Peer-to-peer system is like two friends sharing stories to each other. One has useful information that the other one did not know, and vice-versa. In this network, each computer, called a peer, has different responsibility and capability, sharing hardware (e. printer), data, or information with other computers. Each computer has its files in own storage, but also have the same operating system and application software that allows them to connected to each other. For creating networks, computers need some equipment to make them connected through each other. Here are some services which make our computer available to internet. 1. Dial-Up M odems Dial-up modems are working by using telephone devices. When a computer connects to internet, computer transmits digital signals which converted into analog signal then it is transmitted over standard telephone lines (Shelly, et al. 2008). The internet speed is up to 56 kilobyte/second. Many people do not really interested in using dial-up modems now because it requires one telephone lines for working and other services have faster speed. 2. Broadband Services Broadband internet is a high-speed internet that connected through a wire (Shelly, et al. , 2008). Broadband internet services are provided through vary methods. Some known methods are: a) DSL (digital subscriber line), using telephone lines but does not interfere telephone connection; b) A cable modem that uses cable television network ) A Wi-Fi (wireless fidelity) network uses radio signals to provide internet connection to computers and devices. Conclusion CPU plays the part of accepting data and processed it into rele vant and understandable information based on logic and arithmetic way of work. Data and information that has been processed comes in the shape of programs and files. The computer’s program and files are kept in memory storage. Some memory storage attached in computer, like hard disks, RAMs, ROMs, Registers, and Caches. Some are separated from computer for its portability, like optical discs and thumb drives. Printers are machines that used for printing and photocopying documents and images in computer. This can be used for printing in colour and black/white printings. Connecting computer to internet means to put it into a network. In a network, computer users can obtain information from many other sources and communicate with other computer users. Internet can be accessible through these two services, dial-up modem and broadband internet services. Through this guide, I delighted if you feel informed and become more common to computers. Knowing new things means to get to you into new insights. I hope the knowledge you read here can be useful for now and the future. Reference List Cashman, T. J. , Shelly, G. B. Vermaat, M. E. (2008). Discovering computers 2008 complete. Boston, Massachusetts: Thomson Course Technology. Cashman, T. J. , Shelly, G. B. Vermaat, M. E. (2008). Discovering computers fundamentals (4th eds. ). Boston, Massachusetts: Thomson Course Technology. Frost, M. (2010). Laser vs. inkjet printers. Retrieved September 28, 2011, from http://www. ehow. com/about_5390377_laser-vs-inkjet-printers. html Gilster, R. (2001). PC hardware: a beginner’s guide. Berkeley: Osborne/McGraw-Hill Moore, C. Laserjet vs. Inkjet. (n. d). Retrieved September 20, 2011, fromhttp://www. ehow. com/about_5327065_laserjet-vs-inkjet. html Moursund, D. G. (1978). Basic programming for computer literacy. New York: McGraw-Hill Smith, M. (2011). What is read only memory. Retrieved September 28, 2011, fromhttp://www. ehow. com/info_8751600_readonly-memory. html Sosinsky, B. (2009). Networking bible. New York: John Wiley and Sons. Stokes, A. P. (2008). Is this thing going on. New York: Workman. How computer work: the CPU and memory. (n. d). Retrieved September 19, 2011, from http://homepage. cs. uri. edu/faculty/wolfe/book/Readings/Reading04. htm How to cite Essential Parts of Computer and How It Works, Papers

People and Culture Affected by Management of Change †Free Samples

Question: Discuss about the Impact Of These Forces On An Organisations' Workforce And Management And How Managers Can Best Work With These. Answer: Introduction: Change inmanagement is regarded as a response to some significant opportunity and threat arising inside or outside the organization. Organization can experience planned and unplanned change and this may be attributable to both internal and external factors. Changemanagement is regarded as approach, which involves shifting of team, organization to a desired state. Managing change is the form ofmanagement control involving application of systematicmanagement interventions with the help of people for achieving desired future state having a defined performance outcome (Aier, 2014). The change is done in line with the organizational strategy. It is depicted from this definition that there is an inextricable and strong link between performance, organizational change and strategy. For managing change, an organization can employ several change models focusing on aspects of modifications. Change model tend to center around planned change and this will determine in itself various characteristics for comparison (Alvesson Sveningsson, 2015). However, if an organization is experiencing external change, then it is driven by external factors having significant soft change elements. It is essential for the management to consider change at all levels along with considering the change causes and the things needing change. Changes arising from internal context is attributable and relates to philosophy of management, culture, system of power control and structure. Changes in the external context is attributable to changes in technology level, expectations of customers, changes in market place, standards and quality, changes in economy, political and legislation changes. Discussion: Barriers to change Processes of change involves potentialities of conflict and this is accompanied by risk of resistance development. There is no change without resistance. Internal resistance of organization is the main barrier to successful change in any organization. Lack of information and non-familiarity of employees results in creating knowledge barriers. People in the organizations managing change needs to be aware of nature of resistance faced by workers as well as managers. The cause can be traced back to various difficulties experienced by organizations that is a power centers, culture and its structure. It is quite possible that the organization managing change would defend status quo and become stubborn. Credibility of any change proposals might require to be aggressively challenge (Barbera, 2014). Some of the barriers to change can be listed down below: Complexity of organization- Complexity in any organization comprise of complex system, products and processes. These complexities are a significant contributor to change, as sometimes organization members do not understand them. If the organization does not have the maturity of handling any complex change, implementing the change becomes certainly difficult. Lack of effective communication strategy- One of the silliest way of introducing any change in organization is the forceful resistance to change. It happens when there is no effective communication strategy. It is assumed by some top leaders that after announcing the change, people are ready to adjust and start with new development. It is essential for employees to make themselves acquainted with the affect that change would have on them and adapting to such change (Bartlett, 2014). Lacking involvement of employees- One of the most common barrier to change management is lack of involvement of employees. Unless employees are involved in the process of change, they have fear of getting adapted to change. Resistance to change might come from highest level of loyal and trustworthy employees. Failure of organization to make them involve in process of change is one of the common mistake. Such thing spikes a fear of unknown and lack of desire to embrace new culture and eventually leading to complete barrier to change (Belias Koustelios, 2014). Lacking current state idea- Organization faces difficulty in adapting to change if they lack the idea of current state. Some of the entities introduce and implement the change without conducting the assessment and understanding of blue print of organization. It is not analyzed by such companies that current blue print of organization would act as barrier to change (Bhatt et al., 2016). Staff receptivity and resistance- It is by human nature that push people towards resistance in order to maintain status quo. When change is regarded as threat to professional practice of workers, then they resist changing. The connection between psychological aspect of work environment and resistance to change calls for shifting in the framing and naming of emotions affecting self-esteem at work. Readiness of employees to accept change is also regarded as major factor in determining whether an innovation would be effectively sustained and implemented (Brocke Rosemann, 2014). Readiness of employees can be better evaluated if the change has potential for implementation. Organization relies on employees for adapting to change and members reaction to change varies depending upon transformation of character and value that people place on satisfying different needs of individual. Groups and individual can react to changes very differently. They can passively resist it, advocates its silence, refuse to engage in solving problems jointly, aggressively undermining the decision and refusing to seek common ground. Resistance to change is regarded as customary and it is mentioned in management literature consequently that is inevitable and is listed among the most crucial inertial forces against any transformation (Cameron Green, 2015). People are generally not motivated to change unless there are some compelling reasons to do so. There might be the existence of credibility gap between the philosophy of management, practices, values and its actual behavior. If the organization makes improper use of internal and external consultant which can lead to over depe ndence. Changes impacting the organizational culture: Organizational culture is designed as the system of values, norms, assumption that is manifested through symbols, which the organization has developed and adopted through mutual experience. Culture of an organization impact the way in which they change. The efficiency of process of change is influenced by aligning the change strategy and organizational culture. Selection of adequate change management in organization is impacted by organizational culture. The way managers and employees understand the need for change in any organization is determined by values and cultural assumptions shared by members. Whether the changes are comprehensive or partial, radical or incremental and focused on soft or hard component of organization depends upon how the managers and staffs view suitability and functioning as an effective way making changes (Choo, 2013). It is because of this reason that organizational change process in different organizations differs in different organizational culture. If the value of flexibility dominates the culture of organization, it is indicative of the fact that member would consider the change something useful and good. On the other hand, if the organizational culture contain the value of conservatism and stability, then the change would be considered as harmful by management. Specific type of organizational culture would have specific organizational change management strategies. However, literature does not deal with operationalization relationship between organizational change strategy and organizational culture (Cummings Worley, 2014). Organizational culture can inhibit or facilitate change in an organization and sometime entities attempt to change the culture of organization if the current culture hinder the attainment of corporate goals. Relationship between organizational culture and organizational change shows a high correspondence between several criteria used to differentiate between them. In hierarchal culture where unequal distribution of power prevails, the strategies of change management are directed from top down (Eaton Kilby, 2015). Concerning this, the member of organization would view the suitable way of managing the change as different role of management and employees in process of change. This is because of they view unequal distribution of power as natural order. Such culture would have the leader that would have leader and associates expecting to articulate and plan changes. In such culture, the only element if change is leader. Change activities in such organization are unilateral from the top d own. Change process in such organizations involve passive role of its members (Fullan, 2014). Contrary to this, in the egalitarian culture assuming more equal distribution of power, the effective change management strategies are directed from bottom up. In such culture, members of organization expects to play an active role in changes and everyday functioning. Management and leaders direct changes in such organizations by providing necessary resources. They expect all the members of organization to have an active role in changing process and provide space for participation (Gimenez et al., 2013). Agents of change are in the entire organization having such culture. Organization having culture of goal achieving and problem solving and the accomplishment if same is done through formal structure. Here, the efficient and probable change management strategies are based on fundamental change tools and work structure. It can be expected that organization having such culture have the fundamental tool of work task for leading the change. An organization having culture of Eiffel tower indicates the implementation of rational empirical strategy for organizational change. This culture assumes that goal achievement is done by organization, which is a rational instrument, and it underlies empirical change strategy. Changes in such organization are achieved through a rational process (Giorgi et., 2015). Organization having a guided missile and task culture directs employees and managers as a means of problem solving and task accomplishment. Organization member in such type of culture creativity, results and highly individual accomplishment. Such culture requires a creative strategy of organizational change and this implies that every members of organization are key agent of change. Change in this regard is accomplished through activities directed from bottom up and multilateral information flows (Girma, 2016). A plan of change may be hard to implement if the transformation is regarded as contrary to culture of organization. Changing behavior of people is one if the biggest challenge faced by organization when implementing change. It is evident from the findings of literature that relationship between organizational culture and organizational change strategy assist in identifying which is used to assess the challenges faced by organization in adapting to change. Impact of changes on workforce and management of organizations and the way managers can work with these: Managing change at workplace affects management and workforce in several ways. Managers can easily gauge readiness of employees embraced by change by viewing them as one of the key dimension of behavior. Change management affects the workforce and management in many ways. An organization attempting to change might affects the workforce as they morale may suffer as sometimes it is not possible for management to overcome this barrier. Change might lead the failure of management style for meeting the needs of workers. Culture of organization and change strategy adopted through its influence on behavior of workforce contributes in shaping other components of management. Management of organizational change is one of the important component of management (Martin, 2014). Impact of change and the organizational culture on employees depends upon the number of factors. Some of the change efforts taken by organization fails because of underestimating the importance of change-by-change agents. Positive attitude of employees toward change is crucial for the achievement of success of initiatives taken for organizational change. Attitude of workforce toward change is influenced by several factors such as gender, tenure, social system and educational attainment. Level of workforce for acceptance and resistance to change fluctuate during the change initiatives (Haslam et al., 2014). From the experience of authors, it is viewed that when agents of change fail to introduce new factors to workforce acceptance to change. Intensity of workforce toward change acceptance dwindles and they began resistance to change. Reaction and impact of change on workforce and never stagnant and are consistently fluctuating. It is very crucial for organization to assess the reactio n of management and workforce toward change, as it would help them diagnose the negative and positive cause of their reaction. However, in an organization, resistance and acceptance are mutually exclusive and both are exhibited by organization (Hornstein, 2015). In todays competitive market, organizational change is necessary for business to remain competitive. Understanding the role of workforce and management by change agent for successfully implementing change. Degree of acceptance or resistance of change is an important factor that needs to be examined. Managing change and culture of an organization requires that the manager should recognize certain skills and capability for creating effective and diverse workforce. Mangers need to understand that the consequence of resistance to change would prevail in the organization. Own managers should recognize cultural preferences. They must view that values, perception of workforce varies, and they should be supported in unique way. In addition to this, managers must be ready to change the culture of organization when the need arise. They should also learn to effectively manage the workforce in order to successfully implement the change. When creating successful change strategy, managers needs to focus on personal awareness and outline personal prejudices of workforce (Rothaermel, 2015). Managers should recognize that change occurs at slower pace and they need to encourage change. Managers needs knowledge about cultural behavior for successfully managing the cultural workforce. They need to carefully implement and plan system of organization for managing workforce so that the consequences of change are maximized. Mindset of employees towards change needs to be understood by managers. Caution needs to be exercised by managers when explaining change to workforce and they should be clear and open about the consequence of change if it has (Glisson, 2015). Conclusion and recommendations: The purpose of the report prepared to examine how the culture of organization influences the likelihood of success of change strategies and providing the necessary tool to apply within the organizations. It is suggested by evidence that member of organization are more willing to embrace change when the culture of organization is aligned with their mission and goal. Understanding the culture of an organization can significant in two ways. First, insight of culture provides awareness of extent to which member of organization are willing to accept to change. Secondly, assessment of culture is likely to determine root cause of issues impeding stronger performance. Success of organizational change initiatives depend upon the workforce reaction. Therefore, it is crucial for management to communicate employee information positively about change in order to have positive influence of their reaction. Successful management if change is critical factor for achieving degree of lasting success an d long term sustainability of strategy for managing change. Organization enabling change to succeed, it is required that human aspect of change should be addressed for avoiding any resistance to change. Implementing change often involves period of organizational tension as it leads to known from unknown and therefore risky and complex. However, implementation of change can be effective if the organization has participative style of management such as employee training. During implementation of change, training of employees would give those skills, knowledge and expertise needed during process of change. This would foster quick and smooth implementation of change. However, it is required by managers to demonstrate strong leadership throughout the organization. It can be done by spreading decision-making and leadership responsibilities for motivating and inspiring workforce to improve their contribution and performance. References: Aier, S. (2014). The role of organizational culture for grounding, management, guidance and effectiveness of enterprise architecture principles.Information Systems and e-Business Management,12(1), 43-70. Alvesson, M., Sveningsson, S. (2015).Changing organizational culture: Cultural change work in progress. Routledge. Barbera, K. M. (2014).The Oxford handbook of organizational climate and culture. Oxford University Press. Bartlett, J. A. (2014). Thats How We Do Things Here: Organizational Culture in Libraries.Library Leadership Management,28(3), 1. Belias, D., Koustelios, A. (2014). The impact of leadership and change management strategy on organizational culture.European scientific journal,10(7). Bhatt, M., van Riel, C. B., Baumann, M. (2016). Planned Organizational Identity Change.The Oxford Handbook of Organizational Identity, 436. Brocke, J. V., Rosemann, M. (2014).Handbook on Business Process Management 2: Strategic Alignment, Governance, People and Culture. Springer Publishing Company, Incorporated. Cameron, E., Green, M. (2015).Making sense of change management: a complete guide to the models, tools and techniques of organizational change. Kogan Page Publishers. Choo, C. W. (2013). Information culture and organizational effectiveness.International Journal of Information Management,33(5), 775-779. Cummings, T. G., Worley, C. G. (2014).Organization development and change. Cengage learning. Eaton, D., Kilby, G. (2015). Does Your Organizational Culture Support Your Business Strategy?.Journal for Quality and Participation,37(4). Fullan, M. (2014).Leading in a culture of change personal action guide and workbook. John Wiley Sons. Gimenez-Espin, J. A., Jimnez-Jimnez, D., Martnez-Costa, M. (2013). Organizational culture for total quality management.Total Quality Management Business Excellence,24(5-6), 678-692. Giorgi, S., Lockwood, C., Glynn, M. A. (2015). The many faces of culture: Making sense of 30 years of research on culture in organization studies.The academy of management annals,9(1), 1-54. Girma, S. (2016). The relationship between leadership style, job satisfaction and culture of the organization.IJAR,2(4), 35-45. Glisson, C. (2015). The role of organizational culture and climate in innovation and effectiveness.Human Service Organizations: Management, Leadership Governance,39(4), 245-250. Haslam, S. A., van Knippenberg, D., Platow, M. J., Ellemers, N. (Eds.). (2014).Social identity at work: Developing theory for organizational practice. Psychology Press. Hornstein, H. A. (2015). The integration of project management and organizational change management is now a necessity.International Journal of Project Management,33(2), 291-298. Martin, J. (2014). Organizational Culture and Leadership.Leadership in Academic Libraries Today: Connecting Theory to Practice, 143. Rothaermel, F. T. (2015).Strategic management. New York, NY: McGraw-Hill.